Fisura

Customer question:

Why does a fissure occur? Anonymous customer's question

Pharmacist's answer:

An anal fissure is a crack in the mucous membrane of the anal canal, which is often the result of several factors.

The primary cause of this type of fissure is usually related to tension and damage to the mucous membrane during tough stools or constipation. When the stool becomes stiff, it is more difficult to pass, leading to excessive straining and damage to the mucous membrane. This is especially common in people with digestive problems, such as irritable bowel syndrome, or those who consume too little fiber.

In addition to hard stools, chronic diarrhea can also be the cause, as constant soft stools can irritate and damage the sensitive anal mucosa. Such situations can be exacerbated by improper diet, stress, or medications affecting bowel function.

Women who have given birth are also more susceptible to developing anal fissures. During childbirth, there is significant stretching and stress on the anal area, which can cause mucosal damage. Anatomical differences and individual predispositions can also play a role in susceptibility to the development of fissures.

Symptoms of an anal fissure include pain during and after defecation, bleeding during defecation, and burning or itching discomfort in the anal area. These problems can lead to a vicious circle, where the fear of pain during bowel movements leads to tension and even more damage to the mucous membrane.

The treatment of fissures depends on their severity and cause. In mild cases, fissures can heal on their own with diet adjustments, more fiber intake, regular physical activity, and adequate hydration. Sometimes, ointments or creams containing local anesthetics or corticosteroids are necessary to relieve pain and promote mucosal healing. For chronic or more severe fissures, the doctor may recommend additional therapeutic options, including administering botulinum toxin or surgical interventions, if necessary.

Can a fissure be treated at home without medication?

An anal fissure can be an uncomfortable condition, but in many cases, it can be successfully treated at home without medication, especially in the initial stages or in milder cases. Critical steps in anal fissure home treatment include the following exercises:

• Proper hygiene: regular and gentle cleaning of the anal area with warm water after each visit to the toilet. Use a gentle soap without fragrances and alcohol and a soft towel for drying.

• Dietary change: Increased fiber intake in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes, as well as adequate hydration. This can help soften the stool and ease bowel movements, thereby reducing irritation of the anal mucosa.

• Sitz Baths: Regular sitz baths in warm water can help relieve pain and promote natural healing. Baths should last 15-20 minutes, several times a day, as needed.

• Avoid straining: It is important to avoid straining during bowel movements. You can achieve this by relaxing and not straining excessively.

• Using mild laxatives: If the stool is hard, you can use mild laxatives, such as glycerol suppositories, which help relieve strain and facilitate bowel movements.

• Preventing irritation: Avoid using stiff toilet paper or other rough cleaning materials. Instead, use soft toilet paper or wet wipes.

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